Studying, Term One: Removing nutrients from food

1.1.3 The Function of Oxygen (O₂) in Nutrtion

• Air is made up of three different elements

  • You must know the two that affect a human's health. They are (2 elements):

    • carbon dioxide

    • oxygen

Air is actually a compound gas made up of nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide.

• The function of oxygen in nutrition

  • cells get their energy from nutrients

  • these nutrients are in the blood

  • oxygen helps release the nutrients

  • oxygen is what allows us to metabolise carbs, protein and lipids

  • this releases the energy found in carbs, proteins and lipids

  • there is a waste product produced

  • it is carbon dioxide

• the process of

  • oxygen breaking down the bonds

  • nutrients are released

  • the body is able to use them for energy

  • carbon dioxide is created because of this process

  • happens all the time in our body

• when we exercise more

  • we metabolise nutrients at a faster rate

  • the body heats up

  • we need more nutrients

  • we then need more oxygen to break down the nutrients fast enough

  • we start to breath faster

*** Be able to answer the Review questions on page 33 of your textbook***

*****Try out the Evaluation questions on pages 34 and 35 for practice*****

Section 1, Unit 2 Transformation and selection of intake

1. Locating the parts of the human digestive system

• know that the human digestive system is made up of two MAIN parts (2 parts)

  • a tube – the digestive tract

    • this is what the food passes through

  • glands – the digestive glands

    • glands are where chemicals are produced in the body to help break down food

• know the 5 parts of the digestive tract (from mouth to anus) (5 parts)

  • the mouth

    • where food enters the body

    • contains the teeth and tongue

  • the esophagus

    • connects the mouth to the stomach

    • long, flattish tube

  • the stomach

    • located between the esophagus and small intestine

    • resembles a j-shaped bag

  • the small intestine

    • between the stomach and the large intestine

  • the large intestine or colon

    • between the small intestine and the rectum

• Know the 5 digestive glands

  • the salivary glands

    • in the mouth

  • the gastric glands

    • in the stomach

  • the liver

    • at the same level as the stomach

  • the pancreas

    • below the stomach

  • the intestinal glands

    • in the intestine

Be able to place these on a diagram – study page 40

***Be able to answer the review questions on page 42***

*****Know the Organ, Action and Result columns of the table on page 52 – For the small intestine, all you need to know for chemical Result is that digestion is completed in the small intestine *****

Know the main steps (mechanical and chemical) in the digestive process